Understanding Power transformers

Power transformer is an indispensable and important equipment in the power system, which is mainly used to convert a certain value of AC voltage (current) into another or several voltages (current) with the same frequency but different values. The following is a detailed introduction to power transformers:

1. Basic definition and working principle

Definition: A power transformer is a static electrical device that transmits and distributes electrical energy through the principle of electromagnetic induction. It is able to convert AC power from one voltage level to another voltage level while keeping the frequency constant.

Working principle: Power transformer is mainly composed of iron core and winding. When the input power supply is turned on, a magnetic flux is generated in the high-voltage winding, and this magnetic flux is transferred through the iron core to the low-voltage winding, thus producing an induced voltage in the low-voltage winding. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the induced voltage is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux. Therefore, by adjusting the ratio of turns between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding, the voltage transformation can be realized.